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Leon Van Speybroeck
Leon P. Van Speybroeck (1935 – December 25, 2002) served as Telescope Scientist for the Chandra X-Ray Observatory and designed the mirrors that made possible its spectacular X-ray images of nearby and remote celestial objects, including comets, exploding stars, jets of gas spewing from nearby black holes, and powerful quasars more than 10 billion light years from Earth. Chandra data prompted new discoveries about the evolution of stars and galaxies, the nature of the black holes, dark matter, and the shape and dimensions of the universe.
== Contributions to Chandra X-Ray Observatory ==
The Chandra mirrors designed by Van Speybroeck are the smoothest and most precise ever made, with tolerances measured within just a few atoms. The telescope's angular resolution, at 0.5 arcsecond, is ten times better than its predecessor and equivalent to being able to read newspaper text from half a mile away. The x-ray mirror assembly, with its four pairs of cylinders coated with highly reflective iridium, lies at Chandra's core. The mirrors deflect x-rays at very shallow angles, like skipping pebbles across a pond; in order to make an image, each x-ray is reflected twice – once from each member of a pair of cylinders. Four pairs of cylinders are nested inside one another to increase the size of the telescope, in order to collect more x-rays. Pending further identification, the first images received by the telescope were dubbed "Leon X-1" as a tribute to the quality of the mirrors.
The Chandra x-ray mirrors resulted from over two decades of collaboration between Van Speybroeck and colleagues at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and scientists and engineers affiliated with NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, TRW Inc., Hughes-Danbury (now BF Goodrich Aerospace), Optical Coating Laboratories, Inc. and Eastman-Kodak. The Columbia Space Shuttle, piloted by Commander Eileen Collins, launched Chandra during STS-93 in July, 1999. It remains the heaviest payload ever handled by the shuttle program.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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